Perhaps the study's results are true as there are less waste management facilities and methods in the places that you have mentioned, but we should also not forget about all the landfills that are getting out of control in the other continents. This is a global problem, All continents (East and West and everywhere else) are contributing to pollution one way or another. IMO
Landfills? Why not send the selected waste into incineration plants and produce energy! Just like we do in the little Island of Madeira where I live. Ours produces some energy and fertilizer.
By law we have to sort out our garbage into 4 categories:
1. Paper and cardboard
2. Plastic & Metal
3. Bottles or glass
4. Others like food, fruit vegetables etc. (only this category of waste goes to our incinerator)
Each household must have 4 separate collection bins for the above categories. If someone tries to cheat and is caught, a heavy fine is applied.
Not the perfect solution, but, better than landfills IMO.
Over here, used batteries have to be left in bins, which are conveniently found in all supermarkets.
Same thing with used cooking oils, that have to be put into oil collection bins at all supermarkets.
Used cars, fridges, motor bikes, computers, washing machines and broken down electric appliances etc. must be left at a government depot for the same reasons. Again, very heavy fines or possible prison for any asshole that's caught polluting the countryside.
In the last 4-5 years, plastic bags have a fairly high cost in supermarkets and other places. They used to be free. They have been replaced by recyclable material bags. Next year, all plastic bags will be banned from supermarkets, for starters.
Since this year anyone caught throwing cigarette buts on our sidewalks or streets will get a heavy fine. There are dozens of other measures that have been taken.
So as you can see, we are pretty conscious about it while doing and continue to do lots to reduce our carbon footprint.
It's the Middle East, parts of Central and South America, but especially Asia and Africa that have to get their act together!
So when hypocritical, radical activists (not you) start preaching to me while contributing 100 times more than me to polluting the world, I can only tell them to go to hell.
This video shows how Sweden does it as well...