Drop catching a domain only happens after it has gone through the complete domain life-cycle .. meaning expired (42 days) and then the registry blackout period (30 days redeption + 5 days pending delete).
Auctions at GoDaddy happen on day 35 (of 42) after expiration. Closeouts from day 35 to 40 (of 42).
So if you acquired your domain at auction or closeout, the domain never fully expires and never gets passed on to the registry. Which means that GoDaddy can transfer the domain to your account on or around day 42 after initial expiration.
GoDaddy and some of the other registrars do not allow renewals on auction/closeout domains after day 30, so unless it's a rare exception, you can be reasonably sure you will get your domains by day 42.
HOWEVER .. GoDaddy also auctions/closeouts domains from other registrars who do not have the 30 day limit .. where the old owner can indeed renew their domain up to day 42 (can vary at different registrars) .. if that happens, you will not get the domain and instead be refunded your purchase.
Drop catching only becomes a factor if nobody renews the domain or buys it at auction/closeout. If none of that happens, then 42 days after the domain expires, the domain then goes into registry redemption / pending delete for an additional 35 days ... after the total ~77 days, the domain gets deleted from the registry's database which means that the first person to dropcatch or handreg the domain will get it.
Also note that the above only applies to domains that go through GoDaddy's expired auctions system. There are some registrars that don't sent their expired domains to auction, and those domains can either be renewed by the original owner, or then obtained by dropcatch or handreg after the 42+35 days.